Mastering SQL

1.Introduction to SQL
1.1.What is SQL?
1.2.History of SQL
1.3.SQL Standards and Variants
1.4.SQL Database Management Systems
1.5.Setting Up SQL Environment
1.6.Basic SQL Queries

2.Retrieving Data with SELECT
2.1.The SELECT Statement
2.2.Filtering Data with WHERE
2.3.Sorting Results with ORDER BY
2.4.Limiting and Paging Data
2.5.Using DISTINCT and Aggregate Functions
2.6.Working with NULL Values

3.Joins and Subqueries
3.1.INNER JOIN and OUTER JOIN
3.2.SELF JOIN and CROSS JOIN
3.3.Subqueries and Nested SELECT Statements
3.4.Correlated Subqueries
3.5.Common Table Expressions (CTEs)
3.6.Advanced Join Techniques

4.Data Modification
4.1.Inserting Data into Tables
4.2.Updating Existing Data
4.3.Deleting Records
4.4.Transactions and Data Integrity
4.5.MERGE Statement (Upsert)

5.Working with Functions
5.1.Scalar Functions
5.2.String Functions
5.3.Date and Time Functions
5.4.Numeric Functions
5.5.Aggregate Functions
5.6.Window Functions

6.Data Aggregation and Grouping
6.1.GROUP BY Clause
6.2.HAVING Clause
6.3.Rollup and Cube
6.4.GROUPING SETS
6.5.PIVOT and UNPIVOT

7.Advanced Querying Techniques
7.1.Common Table Expressions (CTEs) and Recursive CTEs
7.2.Window Functions and Ranking
7.3.Lateral Joins
7.4.Data Paging with OFFSET-FETCH
7.5.Using TABLESAMPLE for Sampling Data

8.Views and Indexes
8.1.Creating and Managing Views
8.2.Advantages and Limitations of Views
8.3.Index Types and Performance Considerations
8.4.Clustered and Non-Clustered Indexes
8.5.Index Maintenance and Optimization

9.Stored Procedures and Functions
9.1.Creating and Executing Stored Procedures
9.2.Input and Output Parameters
9.3.Error Handling in Stored Procedures
9.4.User-Defined Functions (UDFs)
9.5.Advantages and Best Practices for Using Stored Procedures

10.Triggers and Events
10.1.Creating and Managing Triggers
10.2.Trigger Types (BEFORE and AFTER)
10.3.FOR EACH ROW Trigger
10.4.Event Scheduling with MySQL Events

11.Transactions and Concurrency
11.1.ACID Properties of Transactions
11.2.Transaction Isolation Levels
11.3.Locking and Deadlocks
11.4.Handling Concurrency Issues
11.5.Optimistic and Pessimistic Locking

12.Performance Optimization
12.1.Query Optimization and Execution Plans
12.2.Understanding Execution Plans
12.3.Index Tuning and Query Rewriting
12.4.Analyzing Performance Bottlenecks
12.5.Using EXPLAIN and ANALYZE

13.Backup and Recovery
13.1.Data Backup Strategies
13.2.Full, Incremental, and Differential Backups
13.3.Point-in-Time Recovery
13.4.Backup Compression and Encryption
13.5.Restore Procedures and Best Practices

14.Security and User Management
14.1.SQL Injection and Prevention
14.2.Role-Based Access Control (RBAC)
14.3.Managing Users and Permissions
14.4.Auditing Database Activities
14.5.Securing Database Connections

15.Advanced SQL Topics
15.1.Recursive Queries
15.2.Temporal Tables
15.3.Materialized Views
15.4.JSON and XML Handling in SQL
15.5.Geospatial Data and GIS Functions

16.NoSQL and SQL Integration
16.1.Overview of NoSQL Databases
16.2.SQL and NoSQL Integration Strategies
16.3.Using SQL with Document Databases
16.4.Combining SQL and Graph Databases

17.SQL in Real-World Applications
17.1.SQL in Web Development
17.2.SQL for Business Intelligence and Reporting
17.3.SQL in Data Warehousing
17.4.SQL for Machine Learning and AI
17.5.SQL Best Practices in Production Environments

18.Appendix
18.1.SQL Syntax Reference
18.2.Glossary of SQL Terms
18.3.About the author